Akvakultura u Turskoj

Turska je zemlja sa velikim potencijalom za dalji razvoj sektora akvakulture sa preko 8,300 km obale i 25 miliona ha upotrebljive površine mora. Akvakultura u Turskoj započinje sa gajenjem kalifornijske pastrmke (Onchorhynchus mykiss) i šarana (Cyprinus carpio) kasnih šezdesetih, dalje se razvija gajenjem orade (komarče, Sparus aurata) i brancina (lubina, Dicentrarchus labrax) sredinom osamdesetih. Proizvodnja tri najznačajnije vrste: pastrmke, orade i brancina je brzo rasla tokom devedesetih i sada dostiže 158 000 tona godišnje u 2009: pastrmka, orada, brancin, dagnje, šaran i ostale vrste na 1 855 farmi. Trenutno, oko 25 procenata po zapremini (158 729 tona od 623 191 tona ukupne proizvodnje) dolazi iz akvakulture. Oko 98 % proizvodnje je iz intenzivnog uzgoja; pastrmka se uglavnom konzumira lokalno, dok se oko 75% orade i brancina izvozi u zemlje EU. Gotovo sva riba se prodaje u svežem stanju. U ovom radu se daje pregled sadašnjeg stanja i ograničenja, zakonodavstva i administrativnih prepreka vezanih za akvakulturu u Turskoj

Cryopreservation of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Sperm

The main aim of this study is to determine the effect of the straw volume (0.25 vs. 0.5 mL) on Nile tilapia sperm quality after cryopreservation. Sperm was frozen according to conventional slow freezing procedure and diluted at ratio of 1:3 with ionic extender containing 350 mM glucose and 30 mM Tris containing 10% dimethylacetamide. Diluted semen was equilibrated at 4°C for 10 min and drawn into 0.25-mL or 0.5-mL plastic straws and sealed with polyvinyl alcohol. Samples were frozen 3 cm above of the liquid nitrogen surface and exposed to the liquid nitrogen vapor (≈−140°C) for 10 min. After this, frozen sperm cells were kept into the liquid nitrogen container (−196°C). The frozen sperm in different volume of straws were thawed in a water bath at 30°C for 20 s (0.25-mL straws) or at 30°C for 30 s (0.5-mL straws), respectively. Fertilization was conducted using 1 ×105 spermatozoa/egg ratio with each straw type. The findings of the present study indicated that cryopreservation of sperm in glucose-Tris–based extender using 0.5-mL straws improved post-thaw progressive motility, duration of progressive motility, and fertilization results (P0.01). In conclusion, our results suggest that Nile tilapia sperm can be successfully cryopreserved in Tris-based extenders supplemented with glucose containing 10% dimethylacetamide in 0.5-mL straws

Vitrification of Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) Spermatozoa, Post-Thaw Sperm Quality, and Fertility

The aim of this investigation was to test a new technology, vitrification, or ultra-rapid freezing of the spermatozoa of common carp, and to study the ability of glucose, BSA, and other cryoprotectants to protect these cells from cryo-injuries. Spermatozoa were isolated and vitrified using 10 different cryoprotectant solutions: (1) Glucose based medium (GBM) + 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA); (2) GBM + 1% BSA + 10% DMSO; (3) GBM + 1% BSA + 20% DMSO; (4) GBM + 1% BSA + 30% DMSO; (5) GBM + 1% BSA + 10% DMA; (6) GBM + 1% BSA + 20% DMA; (7) GBM + 1% BSA + 30% DMA; (8) GBM + 1% BSA + 10% methanol; (9) GBM + 1% BSA + 20% methanol; (10) GBM + 1% BSA + 30% methanol. Fertilization rates for vitrification experiments were low and the use of low concentrations of cryoprotectants yielded lower fertilization rates than the vitrification solutions containing high cryoprotectant concentrations. In conclusion, this study reported successful vitrification of common carp spermatozoa by direct transfer into liquid nitrogen

Delovanje ekstendera i krioprotektanata na motilitet spermatozoida potočne pastrmke (salmo trutta macrostigma) posle otapanja

Cilj ovog rada je identifikacija protokola zamrzavanja spermatozoida specifičnog za vrstu potočne pastrmke (Salmo trutta macrostigma) optimizacijom svih stadijuma tokom procedure krioprezervacije. U tom cilju su testirana dva različita ekstendera koji sadrže dva različita krioprotektanta. U prvom stadijumu eksperimenta određen je kvalitet sperme zrelih mužjaka. Uzorci koji su pokazali >80 pokretljivosti su sakupljeni zajedno i razblaženi sa dva različita ekstendera koji su sadržali različite udele DMSO i glicerola na nivoima 10 i 15 %. Razblažena sperma je pakovana u zapreminu od 0.5 ml i ostavljena 30 min na 4 ºC. Potom je izlagana 10 min pari tečnog azota i uronjena u tečni azot. Zatim je krioprezervisana sperma otapana u vodenom kupatilu na 30ºC za 20 s da bi se odredila pokretljivost (%) i dužina pokretljivosti posle otapanja. Uspeh zamrzavanja je procenjivan kroz motilitet sperme. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, pokretljivost zamrznute pa otopljene sperme je postignuta upotrebom glukoznog ekstendera sa 10 % glicerola od 40 %. S druge strane najbolje trajanje pokretljivosti od 42 s pokazali su uzorci sa Lahnsteiner ekstenderom koji je imao 10 % DMSO

A Literature Review of Data Governance and Its Applicability to Smart Cities

Data governance have been relevant for companies for a long time. Yet, in the broad discussion on smart cities, research on data governance in particular is scant, even though data governance plays an essential role in an environment with multiple stakeholders, complex IT structures and heterogeneous processes. Indeed, not only can a city benefit from the existing body of knowledge on data governance, but it can also make the appropriate adjustments for its digital transformation. Therefore, this literature review aims to spark research on urban data governance by providing an initial perspective for future studies. It provides a comprehensive overview of data governance and the relevant facets embedded in this strand of research. Furthermore, it provides a fundamental basis for future research on the development of an urban data governance framework

Yusuf Özal çekiliyor

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 47-Turgut ÖzalUnutma İstanbul projesi İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı'nın 2016 yılı "Yenilikçi ve Yaratıcı İstanbul Mali Destek Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TR10/16/YNY/010